World Pneumonia Day: Causes, symptoms and treatment of the infection

Pneumonia is one of the biggest deadliest infection, that has been known to take thousands of deaths. Yet the infection is neglected by many. Today being World Pneumonia Day, let us know more about the respiratory condition. Here are the things you need to know including the symptoms, causes and treatment of pneumonia.

Pneumonia is an infection caused to the lungs by various bacteria and viruses or fungi. In this health condition, the air sacs in the lungs are known to be filled with pus and to which further leads to inflammation. Pneumonia can be classified into lobar and bronchial pneumonia. The former type affects various areas of the lungs whereas the latter affects certain sections of the lungs.

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Pneumonia can also be classified based upon the root cause of the infection:

• Bacterial Pneumonia: This is caused by a certain type of bacteria called Streptococcus Pneumonia. This is known to be caused to people living in crowded areas and having poor nutrition.
• Viral Pneumonia: This type is known to be caused by viruses such as flu. 
• Mycoplasma Pneumonia: The symptoms of this condition is known to vary from the usual.

Symptoms of Pneumonia

Primary symptoms are fever, cold and breathlessness. There are certain severe symptoms like laboured breathing which includes flaring of nostrils. One of the important red flags of pneumonia is the increased breathing rate.

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Treatment of Pneumonia

If the pneumonia is mild, it can be treated at home with rest, antibiotics and by drinking plenty of fluids. More severe cases may need hospital treatment. The respiratory condition can be prevented with certain vaccinations. Currently, there are three vaccines used in India to provide immunisation. Here are the types of vaccines

• PCV Pneumonial Conjugate Vaccine
• PPSV Pneumonial Polysaccharide Vaccine

Prevention

• Immunisation: Taking proper vaccines is one of the most important factors to avoid pneumonia
• Safe drinking water: Drinking water from unknown sources may contain harmful bacteria and viruses. Ensure that you drink clean and safe water. 
• Reduced household air pollution: Relying on solid fuels have had harmful effects on the lungs. Exposing kids to this type of air will prove more harmful. 

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