NASA's Voyager 2 detects increase in density in interstellar space beyond heliosphere

Having exited heliosphere – protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields created by Sun, NASA’s Voyr 2 in a probe found that density of increased as it receded away from . craft was sent on interstellar mission in one year ago on v. 5, 2018, and became NASA’s second craft to leave heliosphere with five operating science instruments to dispatch information on Earth. As Voyr-2 went approximately 11 billion miles (18 billion kilometers) from Earth, beyond orbit of Pluto, it confirmed that plasma in local interstellar  got significantly denser, according to NASA’s release. 

However, it wouldn’t be first time that Voyr 2 entered heliosphere, apparently, Voyr 1 me it to edge of heliosphere in 2012 as it conducted two probes to help scientists understand how far this boundary was located from sun. Although, many such key details h remained a mystery. two probes were held at Sun’s period of high and low activity, with a difference of approximately 11-year solar cycle. While Voyr-1 h exited heliopause, an edge of heliosphere kwn to scientists, Voyr-2 didn’t exit undisturbed interstellar amid probe. “Voyr 2 appears to be in a perturbed transitional region just beyond heliosphere,” NASA informed, indicating that craft h reached beyond Pluto. 

[An artist concept depicting one of NASA's twin Voyr craft. Humanity's farst and longest-lived craft are celebrating 40 years in August and September 2017. Voyr craft were built by JPL, which continues to operate both. Credit: NASA/JPL/Caltech]

[This illustration shows position of NASA’s Voyr 1 and Voyr 2 probes, outside of heliosphere, a protective bubble created by Sun that extends well past orbit of Pluto. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech]

[At end of 2018, cosmic ray subsystem aboard NASA’s Voyr 2 craft provided evidence that Voyr 2 h left heliosphere. re were steep drops in rate of heliospheric particles that hit instrument's riation detector, and significant increases in rate of cosmic rays. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSFC]

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Interstellar colder, denser

In its probe, NASA’s Voyr-2 measured temperature of plasma and density in this perturbed interstellar . Scientists received information that temperature of plasma in interstellar was much colder and denser. Interestingly, according to NASA scientists, while Voyr 1 observed a slightly higher-than-expected plasma density outside heliosphere, Voyr-2 found this mysterious region to be warmer compared to measurement of Voyr-1. “Voyr 2 also observed a slight increase in plasma density just before it exited heliosphere, indicating that plasma is compressed around inside edge of bubble,” NASA’s release re. However, scientists haven’t yet been able to discover cause of compression that led to this density. 

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