Standing just 14 kilometers from Cairo, the Great Pyramid of Giza remains the last of the ancient world's Seven Wonders. The other six—Colossus of Rhodes, Lighthouse of Alexandria, Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, Temple of Artemis, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, and Hanging Gardens of Babylon—have all vanished. Yet, the Great Pyramid continues to captivate and mystify.

How was the Great Pyramid of Giza built? 

Constructed between 2700 BC and 2500 BC, the Great Pyramid was built for Pharaoh Khufu and originally soared to 146.6 meters (481 feet), holding the title of the world's tallest man-made structure for over 3,800 years. It is the largest of the three pyramids at Giza, the others being the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaure, built for Khufu’s successors.

The construction of these colossal structures, involving millions of limestone blocks weighing up to 80 tons each, remains shrouded in mystery. Traditional theories suggest that thousands of laborers, possibly using ramps, levers, and ropes, completed the pyramids over decades. However, modern engineers and archaeologists are still debating the exact techniques used, as replicating or fully understanding these methods proves challenging.

Significance of these ancient world creations

While commonly believed to be royal tombs, some theories suggest the pyramids had more complex functions. They might have been part of a grand religious complex designed to facilitate the pharaoh’s journey to the afterlife. The internal layout of the Great Pyramid, including its three main chambers—the King’s Chamber, the Queen’s Chamber, and an unfinished underground chamber—adds to the enigma. The purpose and significance of these chambers remain unclear. 

Over time, the pyramids have sparked a wide range of theories, from the plausible to the fantastical. Among the more outlandish is the idea that extraterrestrials assisted in their construction, a notion popularized by fringe theories and sensational media. The precision and scale of the pyramids often seem almost beyond the capabilities of ancient builders.

Despite these mysteries, the Pyramids of Giza are immensely popular, attracting millions of visitors annually. Their status as a UNESCO World Heritage site and their enduring legacy as one of the original Seven Wonders underscore their iconic and enduring allure.