Africa’s mountain gorillas also at risk from coronavirus

As coronavirus infects more people around world, conservationists are warning of risk to anor vulnerable species: Africa’s endangered mountain gorilla.

Congo’s Virunga National Park, home to about a third of world’s mountain gorillas, is barring visitors until June 1, citing “vice from scientific experts indicating that primates, including mountain gorillas, are likely susceptible to complications arising from COVID-19 virus.”

Neighboring Rwanda also is temporarily shutting down tourism and research activities in three national parks that are home to primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees.

Mountain gorillas are prone to some respiratory illnesses that afflict humans. A common cold can kill a gorilla, according to World Wide Fund for Nature, one reason why tourists tracking gorillas are not normally permitted to get too close.

Around 1,000 mountain gorillas live in protected areas in Congo, Uganda and Rwanda, for whom tourism is an important source of revenue. But COVID-19 has led to restrictive measures.

Virunga National Park’s decision has been welcomed by conservationists in region.

Paula Kahumbu, chief executive of Kenya-based conservation group WildlifeDirect, told Associated Press that “every possible effort must be me” to protect mountain gorillas because so few are left in wild.

“We know that gorillas are very sensitive to human diseases,” she said. “If anyone has a cold or a flu y are not allowed to go and see gorillas. With coronavirus having such a long time of no symptoms in some cases, it means that we could actually put those gorillas at risk.”

Even existing measures may not be enough to protect m.

According to Ugandan conservationist Glys Kalema-Zikusoka with Conservation Through Public Health, a study published this year by her group and Ohio University showed that measures in place to protect gorillas from humans are not effective in practice.

rule on keeping a safe distance from gorillas was broken almost every time a group of tourists visited, she said.

“What research found is that 7-meter rule was broken almost all time … like 98% of time,” she said. “But what was interesting is that 60% of time it was tourists that broke it and 40% of time it was gorillas who broke it.”

If close interaction cannot be prevented, she said, one measure that could potentially improve safety is requiring tourists to wear masks at all times.

Uganda has not announced a shutdown of gorilla tourism, although tourist traffic from Europe and elsewhere has dwindled.

A spokesman for Uganda Wildlife Authority, Bashir Hangi, said decision on wher to shut down gorilla tourism is now acemic as re is almost no business amid outbreak.

Still, he said, few tourists who come are screened for fever and or symptoms and must obey rules such as not standing within 7 meters (21 feet) of a gorilla family. Visitors from virus-affected countries who have gone through quarantine in Uganda need to produce what he called a certificate of isolation before y are permitted to track gorillas.

Amos Wekesa, whose Great Lakes Safaris organizes gorilla tours in Rwanda and Uganda, spoke mournfully of “hardly any business” as tourists postpone visits or seek refunds.

region’s mountain gorilla population dropped sharply in past century because of poaching, illness and human encroachment. Mountain gorillas have been listed as critically endangered or endangered since 1996, although ir numbers are now said to be growing as a result of conservation efforts.

But re have been painful losses. Some gorillas die of natural causes, falling from trees or being killed in fights between males for territory or dominance. A lightning strike killed four mountain gorillas in February.

In Rwanda, where tourism is top foreign exchange earner, government has prioritized protection of gorillas, even launching a naming ceremony for baby primates.

Tourism revenue is key in protecting mountain gorillas as authorities can use some of money to help local communities or invest in anti-poaching activities. A gorilla tracking permit costs up to $600 in Uganda, and thousands of tourists pay each year. A similar permit costs upward of $1,000 in Rwanda.

Some worry loss of tourist revenue during coronavirus pandemic could furr expose primates to poachers. Virunga, established in 1925 as Africa’s first national park and now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has long been vulnerable in a volatile part of eastern Congo.

“I think this is going to have a huge impact on ir sustainability,” Kahumbu, Kenyan conservationist, said of Virunga. “I call on all donors and governments that support se national parks in Africa to make it easy for parks that need to shut down to do so and survive.”

Poachers could do even more damage to gorillas if y think anti-poaching efforts have been reduced, she said.

Image Credits: AP