Antarctic Treaty was signed on this day in 1959 by 12 nations to preserve the continent

Antarctic Treaty in which Antarctic continent was me a demilitarized zone to be preserved for scientific research was signed by 12 nations on this day, i.e., December 1, in 1959. treaty h resulted from a conference in Washington DC which was attended by representatives of Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Britain, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, South Africa, United States, and Soviet Union. Later or nations h also acceded to agreement. 

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2020 marks 61st anniversary of Antarctic Treaty and it was signed by nations whose scientists h been active in and around continent during International Geophysical Year (IGY) of 1957-58. treaty did not deny or support national claims to territorial sovereignty in Antarctica, however, it did forbid all contracting parties from establishing military bases, carrying on military manoeuvres, testing any weapons, or disposing of rioactive wastes in area. 

treaty encouraged freedom of scientific investigation and exchange of scientific information and personnel in continent. Furr, treaty also bound its members indefinitely, with a review of its provisions possible after 30 years. In 1991, a protocol to 1959 agreement was also signed. treaty banned mineral and oil exploration for 50 years and included regulations for protection of Antarctic environment. 

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54 nations sign Antarctic Treaty 

According to a press released by Secretariat of Antarctic Treaty, a total number of 54 nations are a part of treaty now. Representatives from se countries meet regularly to exchange information and consult toger on matters of common interest pertaining to continent. During meeting, parties also opt measures regarding use of Antarctica for peaceful purposes only, which include facilitation of scientific research and international cooperation, preservation and conservation of living resources, and or issues.

press note re, “This year’s ATCM was originally scheduled to take place in Helsinki, Finland, from 25 May to 4 June, but was cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic. Neverless, during this intersessional period Parties, Observers and Experts have continued discussions and submitted documents and reports in order to avoid overburdening next meeting in France in June 202”. 

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