Chapare virus: All about the virus in Bolivia capable of transmitting from human-to-human

Researchers from US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have discovered a rare virus in Bolivia which could be transmitted from human-to-human. path-breaking discovery was a part of CDC’s effort to identify new infection while still battling with COVID-19. scientists have said that Chapare virus caused Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF) which was similar to Ebola.

“ Chapare virus is in  arenavirus family. Arenaviruses are usually spread to people through direct contact with infected rodents or indirectly through urine or faeces (droppings) of an infected rodent,” CDC explained on its website.

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Previous Outbreaks

Researchers revealed that re had been two reported outbreaks of infection in past. first one occurred in 2003 Chapare Province, Bolivia, which resulted in one fatal case. second outbreak occurred in 2019 in Caranavi Province of South American nation and resulted in five confirmed cases, three of which were fatal.

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Signs and Symptoms

symptoms of CHHF “resemble those of or South American hemorrhagic fevers, such as Argentine hemorrhagic fever (AHF) or Bolivian hemorrhagic fever (BHF),” researchers said. While re is limited information on incubation period of virus, researchers said that time between exposure and development of symptoms usually ranged from four to 21 days for arenaviruses.

documented signs and symptoms of CHHF from first and second outbreaks included some or all of following:

• fever
• headache
• joint and muscle pain
• pain behind eyes
• stomach pain
• vomiting
• diarrhoea
• bleeding gums
• rash
• irritability

Treatment

As of w, re is available treatment for viral infection. However, CDC researchers stressed that “Supportive rapy” was important for recovery from and survival of CHHF. rapy includes practices such as maintenance of hydration, manment of shock (eg, fluid resuscitation, administration of vasopressin stocks), sedation, pain relief and transfusions (when necessary).

Prevention

First and Foremost, CDC suggested improving rodent control in and around homes and buildings. As per scientists, keeping m away could help in reduction of exposure to rodents that may be infected with arenaviruses. Secondly, as Chapare virus is capable of human-to-human transmission, it is important to avoid contact with body fluids of people who are sick with Chapare. “Take precautions to avoid contact with body fluids (e.g. blood, saliva, urine, semen, respiratory secretions, etc) of infected people, even after y have recovered until y have tested negative,” CDC warned.

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Representative Im: WHO