In virus-hit South Korea, AI monitors lonely elders

In a cramped office in eastern Seoul, Hwang Seungwon points a remote control toward a huge NASA-like overhe screen stretching across one of walls.

With each flick of control, a colorful array of pie charts, graphs and maps reveals search habits of thousands of South Korean senior citizens being monitored by voice-enabled “smart” speakers, an experimental remote care service company says is increasingly needed during coronavirus crisis.

“We closely monitor for signs of danger, wher y are more frequently using search words that indicate rising states of loneliness or insecurity,” said Hwang, director of a social enterprise established by SK Telecom to handle service. Trigger words le to a recommendation for a visit by local public health officials.

As South Korea's government pushes to allow businesses to access vast amounts of personal information and to ease restrictions holding back telemedicine, tech firms could potentially find much bigger markets for ir artificial intelligence and or emerging techlogies.

drive, resisted for years by civil liberty vocates and medical professionals, has been reinvigorated by a techlogy-driven fight against COVID-19. It has so far allowed South Korea to emerge as something of a coronavirus success story but also raised broer worries that privacy is being sacrificed for epidemiological gains.

Armed with an infectious disease law that was strengned after a 2015 outbreak of a different coronavirus, MERS, health authorities have aggressively used credit-card records, surveillance videos and cellphone data to find and isolate potential virus carriers.

Locations where patients went before y were diagsed are published on websites and released through cellphone alerts. Smartphone tracking apps are used to monitor around 30,000 individuals quarantined at home.

Starting in June, entertainment venues will be required to register customers with smartphone QR codes so y could be easily located if needed.

But re’s a dark side.

People here have often mand to trace back online information to unnamed virus carriers, exposing embarrassing personal details and making m targets of public contempt.

A low point came earlier this month when local media described some Seoul nightclubs linked to dozens of infections as catering to sexual mirities, triggering homophobic responses.

Officials reacted by expanding “anymous testing,” which allowed people to provide only ir phone numbers and t ir names during tests. re was a subsequent increase in tests.

past months have exposed a stark division about best ways to make important decisions when privacy concerns collide with public health needs, said Haksoo Ko, a Seoul National University law professor and co-director of school’s Artificial Intelligence Policy Initiative.

Around 3,200 people across country, mostly older than 70 and living alone, have so far allowed SK Telecom speakers to listen to m 24 hours a day since service launched in April 2019.

company expects users to at least double by end of year, judging by local government interest. techlogy has reduced human contact in welfare services while still providing governments with a tool to prevent elderly residents from dying alone. That’s especially needed in a country grappling with an aging population and high poverty rates among retirees.

speakers are built with an artificial intelligence called “Aria” and a lamp that turns blue when processing voice commands for news, music and internet searches. devices can also use quizzes to monitor memory and cognitive functions of ir elderly users, which would be potentially useful for vising treatments.

But it’s difficult for SK Telecom’s clients to use information without clear legal guidelines for handling health data on private networks.

Similar reasons may also impede domestic use of health techlogies developed by Samsung Electronics, which recently received approval for a smartwatch application that monitors blood pressure.

KT, SK Telecom’s telecommunications rival, is focused on business customers, providing artificial intelligence devices such as speakers and service robots to hotels, offices and new apartments.

President Moon Jae-in's ministration has said data-driven industries will be critical in boosting a pandemic-hit ecomy.

Officials are preparing regulations for revised data laws that lawmakers passed in January after months of wrangling. y aim to allow businesses greater freedom in collecting and analyzing anymous personal data without seeking individual consent.

If y work as intended, optimists say laws would allow artificial intelligence to truly take off and pave way for highly customized financial and health care services after y start in August.

But activist Oh Byoung-il said changes could bring excessive privacy infringements unless robust safeguards are installed.

“Companies will always have an endless thirst for data, but you can’t give it to m all,” he said.

Doctors’ groups have also resisted government calls for legalizing telemedicine, raising concerns related to data security and a negative impact on smaller hospitals.

Industrial benefits will be limited if officials can’t find right combination of techniques to process personal information so that it can't be used to identify individuals. Health and government authorities have failed to do this during pandemic.

South Korea’s anti-virus experience provides “lots of lessons and implications” as it steps toward a data-driven ecomy, Ko said.

“With data, it’s b to take ‘ more, better’ approach,” he said. “An appropriate control system needs to be baked into process, to make decisions on data access based on necessity and sensitivity and restrict access to information that isn’t really needed.”

In Seoul's Yangcheon district, officials are using SK Telecom’s tech to monitor some 200 seniors who live alone.

Social workers, who have smartphone apps that look like a mini version of main dashboard, make calls or visits when users don't use ir devices for more than 24 hours.

“It’s nice to have something to talk to,” said Lee Chang-geun, an 89-year-old who has lived alone in his small apartment since his wife died three years ago. “But I wish y developed an Aria function for opening doors. What good is a distress signal if I die while emergency workers try to force open my door?”