Jumping spiders lead scientists to develop advanced depth sensor

Researchers at Harvard John A Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have developed a compact and efficient depth sensor that could be used onboard microrobots, in small wearable devices, or in lightweight virtual and augmented reality hesets. sensor has been created on basis of study of jumping spiders' mechanism of measuring depth and combines a multifunctional, flat metalens with an ultra-efficient algorithm to measure depth in a single shot. research which was published in Proceedings of National Acemy of Sciences (PNAS) mentions how jumping spiders measure depth, unlike humans which are technically described as depth from defocus and how factor aided in development of recent techlogy. 

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How jumping spiders aided in invention?

Todd Zickler, William and Ami Kuan Daff Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at SEAS and co-senior author of study mentions that matching calculation, where you take two ims and perform a search for parts that correspond, is computationally burdensome. But humans have a nice, big brain for those computations but spiders are tiny, with tiny brains. Evolution has provided m with a more efficient system to measure depth where each principal eye has a few semi-transparent retinae arranged in layers, and se retinae measure multiple ims with different amounts of blur. So, if it looks at a fruit fly with one of its principal eyes, fly will appear sharper in one retina’s im and blurrier in ar. It is change in a blur that tells spider about distance to fly.

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Scientists develop metalens like that of spiders

Until w large cameras with motorized internal components were required to replicate mechanism. To solve issue scientists discovered metalens that can simultaneously produce two ims with different blur wrote, Federico Capasso, Robert L. Wallace Professor of Applied Physics and Vinton Hayes Senior Research Fellow in Electrical Engineering at SEAS and co-senior author of paper. Federico ded that inste of using layered retina to capture multiple simultaneous ims, as jumping spiders do, metalens splits light and forms two differently-defocused ims side-by-side on a photosensor. Qi Guo, a PhD candidate in Zickler’s lab and co-first author of paper mentioned that an ultra-efficient algorithm, developed by Zickler’s group, n interprets two ims and builds a depth map to represent object distance. With ir ability to implement existing and new optical functions much more efficiently, it is a game-changer. 

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