Blood Cancer Awareness Month: Understanding Lymphoma, Leukaemia, types of blood cancer

September marks Blood Cancer Awareness Month, a crucial time to shed light on a group of diseases that affect the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. Blood cancers can have a significant impact on individuals and their families. To promote awareness and early detection Republic Digital spoke with Dr. Meenu Walia, Senior Director - Medical Oncology (Breast, Gynaecology, Thoracic), Cancer Care / Oncology, Gynecologic Oncology, Max Super Speciality Hospital. 

2 things you need to know

• Leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloma - there are several types of blood cancer.
• Early detection and medical advances offer hope for patients.

Demystifying Blood Cancers

Dr. Walia sheds light on the various types of blood cancers that individuals should be aware of in 2023. She emphasised, "Anyone can develop blood cancers, a group of diseases that affect the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system, regardless of age or gender." The different types of blood cancers, the people they impact, and the vital warning signs to look out for are all covered in this article.

Understanding the Blood Cancer Landscape

Doctor elaborated on the different types of blood cancers and their characteristics:

(There are different types of Blood Cancer | Image: Researchgate)

Leukaemia: The Most Common Blood Cancer

Dr. Walia explained, "Leukaemia is the most common blood cancer, affecting both children and adults. It originates in the bone marrow and causes an overproduction of abnormal white blood cells, impairing the body's ability to fight infections."

Lymphoma: Targeting the Lymphatic System

"Lymphoma primarily targets the lymphatic system," Doctor stated. "There are two main types: Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Lymphomas affect individuals of all ages and can manifest as swollen lymph nodes, fatigue, and night sweats."

Multiple Myeloma: Affecting Plasma Cells

Dr. Walia continued, "Multiple Myeloma forms in the plasma cells of bone marrow, leading to bone pain, fatigue, and susceptibility to infections. It is most common in individuals over 65."

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS): Disrupting Blood Cell Production

 "Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) is a group of disorders that disrupt normal blood cell production, primarily affecting older adults," Doctor clarified. "It can lead to anaemia, easy bruising, and fatigue."

While anybody has the potential to develop blood cancer, some factors—such as a family history of the disease, exposure to specific chemicals or radiation, and genetic predisposition—increase the risk. However, many incidents happen without a known reason.

Stay Informed and Vigilant

Blood cancers are diverse and can affect anyone. Knowing the types, understanding the risk factors, and recognising warning signs can make a significant difference in diagnosis and treatment. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment. If you or a loved one experience these warning signs, consult a healthcare professional promptly. Blood cancers can be challenging, but with advances in medical science, there is hope for better outcomes. Stay informed, stay vigilant, and prioritise your health.