Turkish, Swedish officials head to NATO HQ in bid to address membership concerns

Senior officials from Sweden and Turkiye will gather at NATO headquarters on Thursday to examine Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's objections to the Nordic country joining the military alliance and to see what more, if anything, can be done to break the deadlock.

NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg will lead the meeting, which will involve the countries' foreign ministers, intelligence chiefs and national security advisers. Top officials from Finland, which joined NATO in April after itself addressing Turkish concerns, will also take part.

Fearing for their security, Sweden and neighbouring Finland ended their longstanding policy of military nonalignment after Russia invaded Ukraine in February 2022 and both applied for NATO membership.

President Joe Biden welcomed Sweden's prime minister to the White House on Wednesday in a show of solidarity as the United States ramped up pressure for the Nordic nation's entry into NATO ahead of the alliance's two-day summit starting next Tuesday.

Only Turkiye and Hungary are delaying Sweden's membership. The other 29 allies, Stoltenberg and Sweden have all said the Nordic country has done enough to satisfy Turkiye's demands. Sweden has changed its anti-terror laws and lifted an arms embargo on Turkiye, among other concessions.

But Turkiye accuses Sweden of being too lenient toward groups that Ankara says pose a security threat, including militant Kurdish groups and people associated with a 2016 coup attempt. NATO requires the unanimous approval of all 31 members to expand.

Turkiye's Foreign Ministry said the sides would review steps Finland and Sweden took, especially in the context of fighting terrorism, since the last meeting, which was held in Ankara on June 14.

Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan would be joined at the meetings by Erdogan's chief adviser Akif Cagatay Kilic, Deputy Foreign Minister Burak Akcapar and the intelligence chief, Ibrahim Kalin, according to the ministry's statement.

Hungary is also holding up approval of Sweden's candidacy but has never clearly stated publicly what its concerns are. NATO officials expect that Hungary will follow suit once Turkiye lifts its objections.

At a European Union summit last week, Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson said Hungary had given assurances that it would not hold things up. “Twice, I have spoken to Prime Minister (Viktor) Orban,” Kristersson told reporters. “Both times he has confirmed that Hungary will not delay.” Turkiye is a different matter. A Quran-burning protest, at which the media vastly outnumbered the participants, outside a mosque in Stockholm has fuelled tensions.

Erdogan criticised Sweden last week for allowing it. Police permitted the protest citing freedom of speech after a court overturned a ban on a similar burning of the Muslim holy book.

It's unclear exactly what Turkiye objects to, and Thursday's meeting is designed to flesh that out. Erdogan railed against Sweden while on the campaign trail for elections in May, and NATO officials had expected him to relent after he was reelected.

Erdogan is also seeking upgraded F-16 fighter jets from the US, but Biden has suggested that Sweden's membership should be endorsed first.

NATO had hoped the road to Sweden's membership would be smoothed out before the July 11-12 summit in Lithuania. Sweden's entry would be a symbolically powerful moment and the latest indication that Russia's war is driving countries to join the alliance. Those hopes have dimmed.